By Peter Dekker, October 26, 2014
# | English | Manchu | Möllendorf transliteration | Chinese | Pinyin transliteration |
1 | Bow core (literally: "foetus") |
giru | 弓胎 | gōngtāi | |
2 | Bow knee (literally: "brain") |
bokson | 弓腦 | gōngnǎo | |
3 | Bow ear | igen | 弓弰 | gōngshāo | |
4 | Horn | uihe | 角 | jiǎo | |
5 | Sinew | sube | 筋 | jīn | |
6 | Birch bark | alan | 樺皮 | huàpí | |
7 | Bow handle | jafakū | 弓弝 | gōngbà | |
8 | The sides of the bow handle | meiren | 弓弝膀子 | gōngbà pāngzi | |
9 | Arrow passing point | nisuri | 箭溜子 | jiànliūzi | |
10 | Ear inserts | soncoho | 弰頭 | shāotóu | |
11 | Nock | wen | 扣子 | kòuzi | |
12 | Ear v-splice male part | senggele* | 弓弰插口 | gōngshāo chākǒu āofú | |
13 | Ear v-splice notch | xukun | 弓弰插口凹虙 | gōngshāo chākǒu āofú | |
14 | Horn slabs on either side of handle | fara | 弓眙兩身 | gōngyí liǎng shēn | |
15 | String bridges | tebke | 弓墊子 | gōng diànzi | |
16 | Bowstring | uli | 弓弦 | gōng xián | |
17 | String knots | kuyerhen | 弦拾搭 | xián shídā | |
Chinese and Manchu terms from the 1766 五體清文鑑 or "Five languages compendium", a Qing imperial dictionary in Manchu, Mongolian, Uighur, Tibetan and Chinese.
Photo's taken by author, author's collection.
*Jerry Norman's Manchu-English dictionary translates this term as the opening of a bow case, but when seen with the original Chinese entries, this does not make much sense and it is more likely describing the male part of a v-splice.